English 1 Week 5: Tenses & Time
1. The 12 Tenses Overview
| Tense | Simple | Continuous (Ing) | Perfect (Has/Have/Had) | Perfect Continuous |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | I eat | I am eating | I have eaten | I have been eating |
| Past | I ate | I was eating | I had eaten | I had been eating |
| Future | I will eat | I will be eating | I will have eaten | I will have been eating |
2. Key Rules & Markers
2.1 Present Perfect (Has/Have + V3)
- Usage: Action started in past and continues to present, or has effect now.
- Markers: Since, For, Just, Already, Yet.
- “I have lived here since 2010.” (Still live here).
- “Ravi has not been to Europe.”
2.2 Past Continuous (Was/Were + V-ing)
- Usage: Action happening when something else happened.
- Pattern: [Long Action] when [Short Action].
- “The girls were playing (Long) when it started to rain (Short).“
2.3 Future Perfect (Will have + V3)
- Usage: Action that will be completed by a specific time in future.
- Marker: By.
- “Will you have arrived by 7:00 am?”
- “Suman will not have graduated by then.”
2.4 Simple Present (Facts)
- Usage: Universal truths, habits.
- “Nitrogen atoms circle around the exoplanet.”
- “Avilash rotates the strike well.”
3. Irregular Verbs
Some verbs don’t add -ed.
- Shut → Shut → Shut (“I shut the door yesterday.“)
- Put → Put → Put
- Buy → Bought → Bought
- Forget → Forgot → Forgotten
4. Practice Set
- “Mridul ____ living in Italy since November.”: Has been (Since → Perfect Continuous).
- “Yesterday at nine, I ____ dinner.”: Was preparing (Specific time in past → Continuous).
- “We ____ to Japan every summer.”: Fly (Habit → Simple Present).
🧠 Level Up: Advanced Practice
Question 1: Irregular Verbs
Problem: “It was hot, so I ______ the door.”
- (a) Shutted
- (b) Shut Answer: Shut. (Shut - Shut - Shut).
Question 2: Future Perfect
Problem: “Suman will not ______ by then.”
- (a) Have graduated
- (b) Graduating Answer: Have graduated. (Action completed by a future time).
Question 3: Subject-Verb Agreement
Problem: “Avilash ______ the strike really well.”
- (a) Rotate
- (b) Rotates Answer: Rotates. (Singular subject → Singular verb with ‘s’).